Nigerian Academy of Management Journal

1. Ambidextrous Leadership and Productive Outcomes in Emerging Economies: A Theoretical Review

2026-01-18T15:59:18+00:00

The attainment of the sustainable development goals, especially in times of global economic uncertainty and turbulence requires deliberate actions of leaders. Emerging economies, strive to harness their human resources to attain greater levels of production. Understanding the right leadership approach to attaining valuable productive outcomes is therefore of significant interest to nations of the world. This paper theoretically examined the emergence of ambidextrous leadership as a leadership approach that can help galvanize the human resources of emerging economies towards the attainment of greater productive outcomes. The review began by underlining social capital theory as the theoretical foundation for leadership ambidexterity, followed by both conceptual and empirical reviews to clarify the importance of ambidextrous leadership for productive outcomes in emerging economies. The review showed that ambidextrous leadership behaviour is important for facilitating transformative goals of nations. Specifically, the study identified leaders opening and closing behaviours, which are proxies of leaders’ ambidexterity as important enablers of productive outcomes. The study recommends that leaders, by their opening and closing behaviours, should encourage members’ both internal and external focus in order to accelerate production for the overall development of emerging economies.

2. Application Of Artificial Intelligence (AI) On Lecturers` Job Performances in Selected Rivers State Tertiary Institutions

2026-01-18T16:07:05+00:00

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is rapidly enhancing teaching and learning process globally. Therefore, this study determined application of artificial intelligence (AI) on lecturers’ job performances in selected River’s state tertiary institutions. Two research questions guided the study and two null hypotheses were tested. Descriptive survey research design was adopted. From a population of 62 lecturers, a census survey sampling was employed. A four-point response options questionnaire was used for data collection, and it was validated by three experts. The reliability of the instrument was established using Cronbach’s alpha which yielded coefficients of 0.78 and 0.79. Mean and Standard Deviation were used to answer the two research questions and measure the spread in respondents` opinions, while one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test the two null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that all the listed types of AI were highly needed, and that all the different types of AI stated were very highly beneficial on lecturers’ job performances. Based on the findings, it was concluded that if AI is applied on lecturers’ job performances, it will transform the programmes positively, lead to AI skills development and enable the learners to acquire the needed AI employability skills for the global workplace. Therefore, among other things, it was recommended lecturers should be trained and retrained on the application of AIs on their jobs` performances in selected River’s state tertiary institutions to enable them transfer the skills to learners.

3. Brand Image and Purchase Intention: Mediating Role of Sales Promotion

2026-01-18T16:22:18+00:00

The paper examined brand image and purchase intention: mediating role of sales, a case study of five (5) selected markets in Jos selling Nestle products. Primary data were administered to the customers in the markets. Structural equation modeling and the exploratory factor analysis were conducted with AMOS (20). The weight regression results supported the hypotheses formulated. Positive and significant associations were established between brand image and sales promotion and purchase intention with the measure values of 0.321 and 0.463 independently. Sales promotion had positive relationship with purchase intention with the coefficient value of 0.137. The Zober result also affirmed that mediating effects were statistically significant and positive as the Z-score of the Sobel test (3.837) exceeded the threshold (1.96). Thus, sales promotion mediates the relationship between brand image and purchase intention. More so, the covariance result affirmed a positive and significant association between sales promotion, brand image and purchase intention. The Exploratory factor analysis result affirmed that the variables were accepted, moderately, highly correlated and useful as revealed by the values of KMO’s, Bartlett’s and principal component analysis respectively. The Cronbach’s Alpha with the value of 0.798 revealed that the questions were good and dependable. In view of this, the paper recommended the Nestle should maintain their brand image in order to enhance their sales promotion activities being provided to the customers and to strengthen the purchase intention of their customers.

4. Dynamic Capabilities and Economic Sustainability of Petroleum Tank Farms in South-South, Nigeria

2026-01-18T16:30:17+00:00

The study investigated the relationship between dynamic capabilities (dimensioned by sensing capabilities, seizing capabilities and reconfiguring capabilities) and economic sustainability of petroleum tank farms in South-South, Nigeria. The theoretical foundation of this study was grounded by the Dynamic Capabilities Theory and the Moral Responsibility Theory of Corporate Sustainability, while the positivist philosophical paradigm underpinned the study. The research adopted a cross-sectional survey design with a structured questionnaire based on a Likert's five-point scale. The elements of the accessible population are 820 middle and top level managers of the 29 petroleum tank farms in South-South, Nigeria. The Krejcie and Morgan’s table was utilized to determine a sample size of 262 respondents, and the simple random sampling was adopted. The partial least squares structural equation modeling was deployed to test the hypotheses at the 0.05 significance level. The findings revealed that there is a strong positive and significant relationship between sensing capabilities and economic sustainability. Moreso, there is a weak positive and statistically significant relationship between seizing capabilities and economic sustainability. Furthermore, there is a weak positive but not significant relationship between reconfiguring capabilities and economic sustainability of petroleum tank farms in South-South, Nigeria. It was concluded that the ability of petroleum tank farms to gather and interpret market information is crucial for their economic sustainability, while their ability to seize opportunities contributes to a lesser degree. However, reconfiguring capabilities, may not directly affect sustainability outcomes in the same way. It was recommended that Managers of petroleum tank farms should enhance sensing capabilities by investing in strengthening their market research and information-gathering processes, in order to remain competitive and ensure long-term economic sustainability. Furthermore, Management of petroleum tank farms should leverage seizing capabilities by improving their ability to quickly exploit new opportunities, aligning internal resources and focusing on innovation as a means of achieving economic sustainability.

Foreign Inflows and Inflation Rate in Nigeria (1999 -2023): A Granger Causality Approach

2026-01-18T16:44:59+00:00

This study examined the impact of foreign inflows on the inflation rate in Nigeria. Data were collected from the World Development indicators for the period 1999 to 2023. Using the Granger causality test it shows that none of the variable granger cause the other (i.e. no direction). From the ordinary least square technique, the result F-statistic, that is the overall estimation for all the variables in the model, shows that foreign inflows was positively insignificant (probability = 0.108581 and coefficient = 2.193544). Hence, the study concludes that the independent variables foreign inflows have no significant impact on the inflation rate in Nigeria. The study, therefore, recommends that the government should encourage inflows of FDI and properly direct funds to meaningful investment in the critical sectors of the economy for the adequate production of goods and services for both export and domestic consumption to improve our balance of payments. Also, DRE should be improved upon and funds directed to capital investment and less on purchases of foreign or imported goods and luxury items that are not meant for further production of goods and services. Again, the government should put into use ODA’s funds; a proper matching concept should be adopted instead of diversion of funds to other uses.

Human Resource Management Practices and Employee Knowledge Sharing Behaviour in Federal Universities, Nigeria.

2026-01-25T22:20:55+00:00

In this era of global advancement and competition in the education sector, knowledge sharing has become a panacea for organisations to gain and to sustain competitive advantage. Learning institutions are faced with how to manage their employees; motivating people to share knowledge and making knowledge easily accessible. Evidence from literature review showed that inadequate implementation of human resource management practices are responsible for poor employee knowledge sharing behaviour in federal universities. This study was conducted using Multiple Regression Analysis, to examine effect of human resource management practices which is the independent variable decomposed as (job design and employee training) and employee knowledge sharing behaviour the dependent variable measured as (employee knowledge sharing commitment and employee knowledge sharing willingness) in University of Uyo, Akwa Ibom State and University of Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria. Survey research design was employed while sample size of 364 was selected using Taro Yamane formula. Bowler’s Proportionate Allocation Formula was used to determine each sample size of 139 and 225 for UNIUYO and UNICAL respectively. Data collected were analysed using SPSS version 28. Results from tested hypotheses showed that job design and training had a significant positive effect on employee knowledge sharing behaviour in UNIUYO and UNICAL. Based on the results, it was recommended that management of the institutions should ensure adequate job design to effectively highlight individual duties and responsibilities to encourage employee knowledge sharing behaviour. It also suggested that management should ensure regular training of staff to strengthen the knowledge capacity of the employees.

Impact Of Bank Verification Number (BVN) Policy on the Nigerian Economy

2026-01-25T22:48:10+00:00

This paper assesses the impact of the Bank verification number (BVN) policy on the Nigerian economy for the period 2009 to 2022 using a regression model. The model adopted for this study was specified using gross domestic product (GDP) as dependent variable with the BVN policy as the explanatory variable included in dummy form. Payments on Point of Sales (POS) terminals and Automated Teller Machines (ATM), money supply and credit to private sector were included as control variables The result revealed that the BVN policy had a negative but insignificant impact on the Nigerian economy within the period under study. It was recommended that to improve on the contribution of the BVN policy in enhancing identity management in the Nigerian banking sector, both operators and regulators must put additional measures in place to improve on safety during banking transactions and the security issues associated with increase in the use of electronic banking and increased sophistication of cybercrimes. Loopholes in the operation of the system should be identified and steps taken to beef up security by improving on protocols required in carrying out bank transactions particularly in the area of internet banking. To enhance identity management in the banking industry, it was also suggested that all bank account numbers be linked to the National Identity Number (NIN) in line with proposals made by the Federal Government.

Innovative Strategies for Marketing to the Poor in Nigeria

2026-01-25T23:08:07+00:00

The existing knowledge and experience in the Nigeria context have not revealed much relevance in the marketers approach by the firms to marketing to the poor. Previous researches have demonstrated poverty alleviation in Nigeria, so marketing to the poor has not been well articulated by marketers and academicians about Nigeria. This paper is desk research design whose content is based on analysis from journal publications, internet materials and books relating to marketing strategies for people living in poverty. The underpinning theory is Absolute Income Theory of Keynes, 1936 based on the philosophy of subjectivism type of research. The population comprised 28 authors of related articles. The sample size is the same as the population. The problem is that the Nigeria revenue depends heavily on oil prices without coherent alignment between fiscal and monetary policy to stabilize prices of goods and services and these make the consumers to face increased inflation on costs of consumption, production and accounting of products and services required for their lively-hood. The objective of the study is to explore drivers of innovative strategies for responsible consumption through the 4Ps of marketing in emerging economics like Nigeria to improve standards of living and adjust inequalities in the society. The findings are that most consumers of goods and services, have low disposable income as such try to avoid wastes and conserve energy. Also that most firms do not have ethical considerations to protect environments and transparency in accounting and reporting on their service delivery. The conclusion is that there will be increased inflation rate in 2025 which may hinder to a large extent, the achievement of the road maps to marketing to the poor. It is recommended that quantitative research approach be carried out on how institutional context affect the reality of marketing to the poor in Nigeria.

Knowledge Management and Sustainable Innovation of Nigerian Breweries Plc Aba, Abia State

2026-01-25T23:12:03+00:00

This study examined knowledge management and sustainable innovation of Nigerian Breweries Plc Aba, Abia State. The competitive and dynamic nature of environment in which our organizations operate and its consequent impact made this investigation necessary. The objectives of the study were to; ascertain the nature of relationship between explicit knowledge and change in operational processes and determine the nature of relationship between implicit knowledge and development of novel product. A survey design approach was adopted for the study, the population of the study was 718 and Taro Yemane formula was used to derive 256 as the sample of the study. Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient was employed in testing of the hypotheses and the result revealed that, there was a positive and moderate relationship between explicit knowledge and change in operational processes and implicit knowledge had a positive and strong relationship with development of novel product. Based on the findings, the study concluded that knowledge management positively influence sustainable innovation in an organization. It was recommended among others that organizations that want to develop novel product need to rely on their intuition, experience and in addition to innovative technology in other to create or develop a new product.

Macroeconomic Variables and Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMES) Resilience in Nigeria

2026-01-25T23:19:34+00:00

This study investigated the relationship between macroeconomic variables and the resilience of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria using a data from the Central Bank of Nigeria spanning 2000 to 2022. The study examined how inflation, exchange rates, and GDP impact SMEs by employing an ex-post-facto research design and ordinary least squares (OLS) econometric techniques. The results indicated that inflation and exchange rates exert a significant negative effect on SME resilience while the impact of GDP, though positive, lacks statistical significance. The study recommended supportive policies and an enabling business environment to bolster SME adaptability and sustainability in a volatile economic environment.

Organisational Justice and Deviant Workplace Behaviour among Lecturers in the University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria

2026-01-25T23:24:21+00:00

This study investigates the influence of organisational justice on deviant workplace behaviour among lecturers at the University of Benin, Edo State, Nigeria. A structured questionnaire was administered to 103 academic staff members, measuring perceptions of distributive, procedural, and interactional justice alongside workplace deviance. Analytical tools for data analyses included descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple regression. The results indicate significant negative relationships between both distributive and interactional justice and deviant workplace behaviour, while procedural justice showed no statistically significant relationship with workplace deviance. These findings suggest that perceived fairness in reward distribution and interpersonal treatment are stronger deterrents of workplace deviance than procedural fairness within Nigerian public university settings. The study recommends enhancing transparent reward systems, clarifying job roles, fostering inclusive decision-making, and implementing regular justice perception audits. These measures can improve organisational climate, reduce deviant behaviours, and support better staff outcomes.

Stimulating Green Entrepreneurial Intentions: Can Entrepreneurship Education Make a Difference?

2026-01-25T23:29:31+00:00

This study aims to examine the relationship between green entrepreneurship education (GEE) and green entrepreneurial intentions (GEIs) amongst undergraduates in selected Lagos State tertiary institutions (HEIs). A quantitative cross-sectional survey was used in this study, with data collected through an online self-administered questionnaire targeting final-year students from five purposely selected public and private higher education institutions in Lagos State. The Green Entrepreneurial Intentions Questionnaire (GEIQ) was used to collect data on GEE and undergraduates' intentions to establish green businesses. The results showed that GEE has a positive and significant effect on undergraduates' attitudes to GE with ( = 0.704; t-stat = 30.600; p0.05). The study's findings offer valuable insights for policy interventions aimed at promoting green entrepreneurs in Nigeria, aligning with sustainable development goals, and supporting the Lagos State Climate Action Plan (LASG CAP 2020-2025) by empowering undergraduates as drivers of change through academia.

The Integration of Artificial Intelligence on Traditional Human Resource Functions in Tertiary Institutions, Cross River State, Nigeria

2026-01-25T23:37:35+00:00

As artificial intelligence systems increasingly automate routine administrative tasks, there is a risk that traditional human resource roles will disappear, resulting in job displacement for human resource professionals. This study investigated the effect of integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) on traditional human resource functions in tertiary institutions, Cross River State, Nigeria. In order to achieve the objectives of this study, five objectives and hypotheses were formulated. Literatures were reviewed according to the variables identified.The study adopted survey research design. The sample size was 373 employees of public universities in Cross River State through stratified random sampling technique was used. Data were collected using Artificial Intelligence Scale developed by Vartak (2022) and Kok (2005) to evaluate Human Resource Practices. Results of the analysis using Simple Linear Regression test statistical technique reveal that, there is a significant effect of integration of AI on traditional human resource functions in terms of training and development, selection and recruitment, human resource planning, occupational health and safety and performance management. The study recommended amongst others that, organisations should consider incorporating AI into all phases of their training programmes, from onboarding to advanced skill development. Organisations should encourage collaboration between AI systems and human trainers. While AI can handle data analysis and personalised learning paths, human trainers can focus on mentoring, soft skill development, and emotional support, resulting in a more balanced and comprehensive training approach. (

Conflict Management in Nigerian Family Businesses: Implications on Family Business for Sustainable Development

2026-01-25T23:48:52+00:00

Globally, little research efforts have been made to interrogate the link between conflict management and the performance of family businesses. Yet, studies exploring the African context are missing in the global literature. This attempts to close this knowledge gaps by investing the causes of conflicts in Nigerian family busineses, the management strategies deployed and how conflict management influences the family business for sustainable development (FBSD) agenda. A qualitative research via structured interviews of family business owners was carried to identify the common causes of conflicts and the key management styles adopted in resolving them as well as how FBSD is affected. Findings revealed four common causes of conflict including financial information asymmetry, non-inclusive management, poorly defined roles, and family structure, as well as four conflict management approaches- family meetings, traditional, religious, and legal approaches. This study, for the first time, identifies drivers of conflicts in Nigerian family firms and the strategies deployed to manage them. It contributes to theory development and draws attention to conflict management as a strategic tool towards FBSD.

A Socio-Economic Evaluation of Waste Polythene Terephthalate (PET) Bottles Generation, Re-Usage and Disposal in Benin Metropolis

2026-01-27T03:35:16+00:00

This study examined the generation, usage, and
disposal of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET)
bottles in Benin Metropolis from a social-
economic perspective. Questionnaires were
designed and distributed to randomly selected
households and business owners in twenty wards
across the four local government areas (Egor,
Ikpoba-Okha, Ovia North-East, and Oredo) in
the Metropolis. The study revealed that PET
bottles are used daily by most of the people
sampled in the study. Over 79% of the
respondents use between one and three PET
bottles daily, while 9.9% of the respondents use
between 4 and 7 bottles per day for various
purposes and reasons. This indicates a high level
of waste PET bottle generation in the Metropolis.
The study also revealed that though a majority of
the respondents are aware of the environmental
impacts of plastic pollution, only a few of them
are making efforts to combat the impacts. A huge
percentage of the respondents prefer “throwing
away” as a disposal method for waste PET
bottles, accounting for the vast amount of waste
PET bottles in the environment in Benin
Metropolis. This implies a dearth of knowledge
among many residents on the value of waste PET
bottles. Hence, the need for collaborative efforts
among policymakers, industries, and the public
to formulate and implement effective waste
management strategies that will promote
recycling and increase awareness for sustainable
management practices to mitigate the
environmental impacts associated with waste
PET bottle accumulation. Finally, viable
solutions are also recommended for necessary
implementation.